中文摘要：

水稻叶色突变体是研究植物光合作用、叶绿素代谢和叶绿体发育的重要材料。本研究从籼稻品种蜀恢527经EMS（甲基磺酸乙酯）诱变处理后代中筛选出一个淡黄叶矮化突变体Yellow leaf and dwarf（yld）。与野生型蜀恢527相比,该突变体全生育期都表现出淡黄叶矮化性状,其剑叶的淡黄色表型最为明显,倒二叶次之,倒三叶最弱,其中剑叶的叶绿素及类胡萝卜素含量降低最为明显;并且伴随着穗粒数、千粒重、结实率、株高等主要农艺性状的显著降低,但有效穗显著增多。透射电镜观察结果显示,与野生型相比,该突变体多数叶绿体结构基本完整,但基粒模糊,基质片层大量减少且排列疏松。遗传分析表明,该突变性状受一对隐性核基因控制。在yld突变体与粳稻武运粳7号杂交的F2群体中分离出323个突变单株,最终将YLD基因定位在第11染色体的L5和L7两标记之间,物理距离为115.7 kb。本研究为YLD基因的克隆和功能分析奠定了基础。

英文摘要：

Leaf color mutants of rice are ideal materials in studies on photosynthesis, chlorophyll metabolism and chloroplast development in plants. A yellow leaf and dwarf mutant, Yellow leaf and dwarf（yld）, was obtained from ethyl methane sulfonate（EMS）-treated Shuhui 527（Oryza sativa L.）. Compared with the wild type, the yld mutant showed yellow leaf and dwarfism, and the contents of chlorophyll and carotenoid were obviously decreased. Transmission electron microscope observation revealed that the structure of most chloroplasts seemed to be normal, however, with the fuzzy grana, and fewer and looser stroma lamella in the yld mutant. Meantime, plant height, branch number, grain number per panicle, 1000-grain weight and seed-setting rate were significantly decreased, while the number of effective panicle was obviously increased in the yld mutant compared with those in the wild type. Genetic analysis showed that the yld mutant traits were controlled by a single recessive gene. The 323 mutational individuals from the F2 generation of the cross of Wuyunjing 7 and yld mutant were used for gene mapping. Finally, the YLD locus was mapped on chromosome 11 between two Indel markers L5 and L7, with an approximate 115 kb physical region. These results would facilitate cloning and functional analysis for the YLD gene.