中文摘要：

通过使用普通弹性试验机和MTS-815刚性试验机对岩石进行单轴压缩实验，同时采集大理岩和红砂岩在损伤断裂过程中的声发射信号参数。通过分析声发射信号参数，探索性地得到压力机械对岩石损伤过程声发射参数的影响。结果表明：无论普通还是刚性试验机，声发射信号曲线与应力曲线对应都比较好，基本上能够反映出岩样在受压过程声发射特征的变化规律；采用普通试验机，在加载初期，声发射信号很不明显，而刚性试验机则不同；普通试验机不能得到较完整的应力应变曲线，而刚性试验机则可以得到；普通试验机在岩样破坏瞬间会释放大量的弹性能，导致声发射信号不能真实反映岩石破坏时的声发射特征，而刚性试验机恰恰可以避免这一现象的发生，因此声发射试验应该使用刚性试验机。

英文摘要：

The uniaxial compression experiment of rock was carried out respectively by using common elasticity machine and MTS- 815 rigid test machine, meanwhile, the acoustic emission（AE） signal parameters of marble and red sandstone in the damaging and fracturing process were collected. By analyzing the collected parameters of AE signal, the influence of pressure test machinery on AE parameters in the dama- ging and fracturing process was discuss. The results showed that whether common or rigid test machine,AE signal curve is better corresponding with the stress-strain curve, can basically reflect the change law of rock＇s AE characteristics in the loading process. When using common test machine, AE signal was not obvious at the early stage of loading, while that was different when using rigid test machine. Complete stress-strain curve could not be get by common test machine but could be get by rigid test machine. When using common test machine, the the damage of rock specimen caused a lot of elastic energy to release in a moment, which made AE signal could not really reflect AE characteristics, hut rigid test machine just cold avoid the occurrence of this phenomenon,so AE test should use rigid test machine.