中文摘要：

纸张三维结构即各组分在空间结构中的分布，对纸张性能具有重要影响。表征纸张三维结构有助于全面了解纸张结构与性能的关系。随着显微技术不断发展，其在表征纸张结构上的应用越来越多，进而为揭示纸张结构与性能间关系提供了重要途径。对显微技术在纸张三维结构的应用进行了概述，重点介绍了光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、激光共聚焦显微镜及X射线微米CT技术在表征纸张三维结构上的应用，并比较了它们的优缺点。

英文摘要：

Paper structure, i.e. the spatial distribution of paper components, is decisive for paper properties. Characterization of 3D struc- ture of paper is beneficial to fully understand the relationship between paper structure and properties. With the development of microscopy techniques, it has become one of the most important methods to investigate the paper structure, contributing to explore the relationship be- tween paper structure and properties. A detailed description of several methods used to access 3D structure of paper was pretreated, including light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy and high solution X-ray microtomography. The advanta- ges and disadvantages of these methods were also comnared.