中文摘要：

目的筛查分析大连地区耳聋人群中4个耳聋基因的9个位点的突变携带及分布状况,以探讨大连地区耳聋患者常见聋病基因突变特点及发病率。方法采用基因芯片检测5 266例耳聋患者4个聋病基因中常见的9个位点：GJB2基因的35del G、176del16、235del C和299del AT,SLC26A4基因的2168A〉G和IVS7-2A〉G,线粒体DNA（mtDNA）12SrRNA基因的1555A〉G和1494C〉T,GJB3基因的538C〉T。采用SPSS19.0软件对数据进行统计学分析。结果大连地区5 266例耳聋人群中,发现携带遗传性耳聋相关突变基因的患者1416例（26.89%,1 416/5 246）,其中GJB2基因突变携带者657例（12.48%,657/5 266）,SLC26A4基因突变携带者512例（9.72%,512/5 266）,mtDNA 12S rRNA线粒体基因突变携带者239例（4.54%,239/5 266）,GJB3基因突变携带者8例（0.15%,8/5 266）。结论应用基因芯片可以高效、快速地在大样本人群中,尤其是聋人群体中进行大规模的基因筛查;大连地区耳聋人群携带遗传性耳聋相关突变基因的发生率均较低。

英文摘要：

Objective To screen and analysis the most common pathologic genes which are carried and distributed in the deaf population in Dalian,to explore the characteristics and incidence rate of the deafness patients in Dalian. Methods5266 deafness patients were detected with the gene chip,which is able to perform mutation detection of 9 hot- spot mutations in four most common pathologic genes,including GJB2（ 35 del G,176del16,235 del C and 299 del AT）,SLC26A4（ 2168 A〉 G and IVS7- 2A 〉G）,mtDNA12SrRNA（ 1555 A〉 G,1494 C 〉T）,GJB3538 C 〉T simutaneously. The datas were analyzed by using SPSS19. 0 software. Results Among the 5 246 deafness patients,1 416 cases were found to carry the most common pathologic genes（ 26. 89%,1 416 /5 266）,GJB2 gene mutation carriers in 657 cases（ 12. 48%,657 /5266）,SLC26A4 gene mutation carriers in 512 cases（ 9. 72%,512 /5 266）,mtDNA 12 S rRNA carriers in 239 cases（ 4. 54%,239 /5 266）,GJB3 gene mutation carriers in 8 cases（ 0. 15%,10 /5 266）. Conclusion The gene chip can be efficiently and quickly used in large sample populations,especially for the large- scale s gene defect screening. The mutation rate is relatively low for the deaf population in Dalian.