中文摘要：

行为是反映动物应对环境变化的最直接形式。动物可以根据周围环境条件的变化以及自身的生理状况来调整行为,异地放养是保护珍稀动物的有效方法,但必然会对其行为产生影响。为了探讨藏羚（Pantholops hodgsonii）对异地环境的行为学适应,对异地圈养藏羚的警戒行为进行了不同季节间的比较研究,采用全事件记录法和焦点动物取样法,记录和统计了异地圈养藏羚在冷季和暖季的警戒行为,进而推测其对人类干扰的行为适应性。研究结果表明,雌性和雄性藏羚的警戒时间及警戒比例（警戒时间占全天活动时间的比例）在暖季存在显著差异（警戒时间：Z=4.36,P〈0.05;警戒比例：Z=4.559,P〈0.05）,而在冷季则无差异（警戒时间：Z=0.001,P〉0.05;警戒比例：Z=0.0014,P〉0.05）;而季节差异对雌、雄性藏羚的警戒时间、警戒比例均具有极显著的影响（雄性-警戒时间：F=31.758,P〈0.01;警戒比例：F=21.768,P〈0.01;雌性-警戒时间：F=14.98,P〈0.01;警戒比例：F=11.05,P〈0.01）;但是季节和性别对藏羚警戒行为的影响没有交互作用（Z=？0.576,P〉0.05）。这些结果提示异地圈养藏羚警戒行为的变化可能是对陌生环境适应的结果。

英文摘要：

Tibetan antelope（Pantholops hodgsoni） are an endemic and endangered species of the Tibetan Plateau.Ex situ conservation may represent an important way to protect Tibetan antelope;however,this process may influence aspects of their behavior.To investigate the ability of these antelopes to adapt to new environments,a study on the vigilance behavior of captive antelope in different seasons was conducted.Using instantaneous scan sampling,focal animal sampling,and all-occurrence recording methods,the vigilance rate and vigilance time of captive male and female Tibetan antelope during cold and warm seasons were recorded and analyzed.Very significant sex differences in vigilance behavior were observed during the warm season,but were not observed in the cold season.Interestingly,vigilance behavior showed seasonal variation as there were significant differences in vigilance time and vigilance rate between cold and warm seasons in both males and females.Specifically,males and females showed more vigilance during the cold than warm season.No interaction between season and sex was found in the vigilance behavior of antelope.Comparing vigilance behavioral characteristic with the Kekexili Tibetan antelope indicated that captive antelope could adapt to a new environment.