中文摘要：

近几年，稀土上转换荧光纳米材料作为新型的荧光探针受到研究者的广泛关注，其优势在于光化学稳定性好、发射谱带窄、荧光寿命长、Stokes位移大等．同时，它利用近红外激光器作为激发光源，组织穿透能力好、对生物组织的损伤小、几乎没有背景荧光，使其应用于生物活体荧光成像成为可能．本文主要综述了最近稀土上转换荧光纳米材料在制备与生物应用方面的研究进展．

英文摘要：

Rare earth upconversion fluorescent nanomaterials have drawn great attention as novel fluorescent probes because of their many unique merits, such as superior photostability, narrow emission spectra, long lifetime and larger Stokes shift. By using near infrared laser as excitation light source, it is feasible for the upconversion fluorescent nanomaterials as excellent fluorescent probes for in vivo fluorescence imaging due to the high light penetration depth in biological tissues, absence of photodamage to live organisms, low autofluorescence background. Recent progress of preparation and biological application of rare earth upconversion fluorescent nanomaterials is reviewed in this paper.