中文摘要：

三维地层建模与可视化是三维地理信息系统（Geological Information System,GIS）在地学中的重要应用,能够直观展现各类复杂的地质信息,对于实际地质分析大有帮助。为此,提出了一种基于引入四面体格网（Tetrahedral Network,TEN）的广义三棱柱（Generalized Tri-prism,GTP）模型的三维地层模型构建方法。该方法使用钻孔数据进行三维地层建模,首先以钻孔孔口数据生成地表面不规则三角网（Triangulated Irregular Network,TIN）,然后根据地层空间分布顺序,将TIN中的三角形逐个沿钻孔向下扩展生成GTP体元模型,建立三维地层模型并对其进行四面体剖分,最后使用可视化工具包（Visualization Toolkit,VTK）开发出三维地层可视化系统,实现了地层模型的三维显示及属性查询,距离、角度量测与剖切等空间分析功能。某矿山钻孔数据试验结果表明：基于引入TEN的GTP模型有助于解决空间实体剖切问题,将VTK应用于实现三维地层可视化是可行的,在可视化性能与空间分析操作等方面均有着良好的效果,对于提高矿山地质分析、地质建模与可视化效率有一定的参考价值。

英文摘要：

Three-dimensional stratum modeling and visualization are the important application of three-dimensional geological information system（ GIS） in geosciences,and it can completely and unambiguously define the various geologic structures information,which is very helpful for actual geological analysis. On the basis of this,the three-dimensional strata model establishing method is proposed,which is based on tetrahedral network（ TEN）,generalized tri-prism（ GTP） and visualization toolkit（ VTK）. The borehole data is used to establish the three-dimensional strata model by the method. Firstly,the triangle irregular network（ TIN） is generated by the borehole collar data; then,according to the spatial sequence of strata,each triangle of TIN is expanded downward to obtain GTP voxel model along the borehole,and the GTP voxel model is tetrahedron subdivided by building the three-dimensional strata model; finally,three-dimensional display and spatial analysis functions such as property inquiry,distance and angle measurement and cut are realized by the three-dimensional strata visualization system developed by visualization toolkit（ VTK）. The experiments are conducted based on the borehole data of a mine,the results show that the GTP model based on TEN contributes to solve the problem of space entity subdivision and cutting,the application of VTK in three-dimensional stratum visualization is feasible,and the performance of VTK in visualization function and spatial analysis is perfect. Therefore,it has some reference for enhancing the efficiency of mine geological analysis and mine geological modeling and visualization.