中文摘要：

目的：研究长期体力运动和慢性心理应激对大鼠中枢海马去甲肾上腺素（norepinephrine，NE）和五-羟色胺（serotonin，5-HT）水平的影响，并进一步探讨这2种神经递质在运动减缓应激性海马损伤效应中的作用。方法：采用了4周自愿跑轮运动（运动组）、3周束缚应激（应激组）和预先进行4周运动再施3周应激（运动-应激组）的实验动物模型，高效液相电化学法检测实验大鼠海马的NE和5-HT水平。结果：长期运动大鼠海马的NE和5-HT水平明显升高（P〈0．01），慢性应激大鼠的5-HT水平明显降低（P〈0．05）；并且，先运动再应激组的海马NE水平维持正常并显著高于单纯应激组（P〈0．01），而以上2组的5-HT水平并无显著差异，且均低于单纯运动组（P〈0．05）。结论：在运动益于海马的正性作用中，NE和5-HT可能是重要的调控因素；在应激损伤海马的负性作用中，5-HT可能是重要的调控因素；而在运动减缓应激性海马损伤的作用途径中，NE可能是更重要的调控因素；并且，海马NE可能对运动更敏感，而5-HT可能对应激更敏感。

英文摘要：

AIM： This study is to determine changes of hippocampal norepinephrine （NE） and serotonin （5 - HT） in long term physical exercise and chronic psychological stress, and to study the roles of the two monoamine transmitters in the effect of exercise counteracting stress - induced hippocampal damages in brain. METHODS： Levels of hippocampal NE and 5 - HT in rats undergoing 4 - week voluntary wheel running exercise （ exercise group） or 3 - week restraint stress （ stress group） or 4 - week exercise and 3 - week stress （ exercise - stress group） were detected by high - performance liquid chromatography using electrochemical detection. RESULTS. It is showed that levels of hippocampal NE and 5 - HT increased significantly （ P 〈 0. 01 ） in the exercised rats, and in the stressed rats, hippocampal 5 - HT levels significantly decreased（P 〈 0.05 ）. Additionally, the NE levels maintained significant high （ P 〈 0.01 ） in exercise - stressed rats compared to the pure stressed ones. On the other hand, no obvious difference was observed in hippocampal 5 - HT levels between stress group and exercise - stress group, which were all significant lower （ P 〈 0. 05 ） than that in exercise group. CONCLUSION： It is suggested that both the NE and 5 - HT may play important roles in mediating the exercise - induced positive effects and the 5 - HT may play an important role in stress - induced negative effects on the hippocampus. Moreover, NE may take more action in the exercise attenuating stress - induced hippocampal damages. The hippocampal NE may be more susceptible to exercise, and the hippocampal 5 - HT may be more susceptible to stress.