中文摘要：

氮代谢全局性转录调控蛋白GlnR广泛存在于革兰氏阳性细菌中。目前发现的GlnR既有MerR家族也有OmpR家族。针对可利用氮源的变化，GlnR可以抑制或激活氮代谢相关基因的表达。GlnR也参与到细菌磷酸代谢、抗生素合成和细菌毒性的调控。本文详细介绍了GlnR在不同细菌中的氮代谢调控模式，以及与其他代谢途径的联系。GlnR介导的代谢调控研究有助于人们深入了解细菌中心氮代谢，对研究氮代谢调控中的信号传导等具有重要的意义。

英文摘要：

GlnR is a global transcriptional regulator for nitrogen metabolism that can be found in most Gram-positive bacteria. The GlnR belongs to the OmpR family as well as MerR family. GInR activates or represses expression of various genes involved in nitrogen metabolism in response to changes in nitrogen availability. It also plays a role in the regulation of phosphate metabolism, antibiotic biosynthesis and bacterial virulence. Here, the differences of GlnR-mediated nitrogen regulation in bacteria and the cross-regulation with other metabolic pathways are detailed. The researches on GlnR-mediated regulation provide further insight into central nitrogen metabolism in bacteria and have important implications for researches on signal transduction in regulation of nitrogen metabolism.