中文摘要：

总结了近年来国内外包括乙酸酐脱水法、热闭环法、共沸蒸馏法及微波加速合成法在内的聚双马来酰亚胺（PBMI）的合成方法；介绍了PBMI作为增韧改性材料、微孔泡沫材料等高性能复合材料在众多领域的应用；概括了聚双马来酰亚胺泡孔材料孔径微小化、孔结构精细化的研究及意义。

英文摘要：

The synthesis methods of poly-bismaleimide （PBMI）, including dehydration with acetic anhydride, thermal dehydration, azeotropic distillation and microwave accelerated synthesis are summarized. The applications of PBMI in many fields as microcellular foams and toughening composite materials are introduced. And the research and significance of fine microporous poly-bismaleimide material are stated.