中文摘要：

目的研究丰富康复训练能否促进大鼠脑缺血再灌注后微管相关蛋白2（MAP2）和突触素（SYN）的表达，探寻其与神经系统可塑性的联系。方法雄性Wistar大鼠77只，体重160～200g，随机分为缺血丰富训练组（n=36），缺血对照组（n=8），假手术丰富训练组（n=21）和假手术对照组（n=12），使用线栓模型造成右侧大脑中动脉阻断（MCAO）并再灌注，丰富训练组自术后2d至28d给予丰富康复训练，对照组则独居标准环境笼，不予任何训练。再灌注1d、7d、14d、21d和28d分别进行各项行为功能测试，并用免疫组化SP法染色观测MAP2和SYN的表达。结果训练后，28d时Bederson评分缺血丰富训练组（0．910±0．302）优于缺血对照组（1．330±0．577），差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；足失误测试中缺血丰富训练组与缺血对照组间差异始终无统计学意义（P〉0．05），但缺血丰富训练组恢复趋势优于缺血对照组；免疫组化结果示梗塞周边区及海马的MAP2和SYN的表达早期下降，明显低于假手术组（P〈0．05），后不断恢复，缺血丰富训练组在晚期（MAP2—21d为0．2055±0．0124，MAP2-28d为0．2406±0．0419；SYN-28d为0．2931±0．2407）优于缺血对照组（MAP2—21d为0．1681±0．0124，MAP2—28d为0．2064±0．0301；SYN-28d为0．2407±0．0565），差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论丰富康复训练可促进脑缺血再灌注大鼠MAP-2和SYN的表达，促进功能表现的改善和大脑可塑性的改变。

英文摘要：

Objective To study the effects of enriched rehabilitative training on the expression of microtu- bule associated protein 2 （MAP-2） and synaptophysin （SYN） , and to explore its relationship with brain plasticity. Methods Seventy-seven male Wistar rats weighing 160 to 200 g were randomly divided into an isehemia ＋ enriched rehabilitation group（IE, n =36） , an ischemia ＋ standard rehabilitation group（IS, n = 8） , a sham ischemia ＋ enriched rehabilitation group （SE, n = 21 ） and a sham ischemia ＋ standard rehabilitation group （SS, n = 12）. Rats in the ischemia groups had their middle cerebral artery sutured for two hours before reperfusion, while those in the sham groups had a similar operation without occlusion. The enriched groups were given enriched rehabilitative training, while the standard groups were left without any training. Behavioral tests, including the acrobatic performance, were administered once daily 2 days after operation, and SP staining of MAP2 and SYN were used to observe the functional recovery and brain plasticity changes among the groups at 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after the operations. Resuits Acrobatic performance times reduced gradually. Bederson scores were significantly better in the IE than in the IS group by the 28th day after the operation）. There was no significant difference between IE and IS groups in a foot fault test）. The expression of MAP-2 and SYN around the infarct and in the hippocampus decreased significantly at first） , then recovered gradually. The expression of MAP-2 and SYN in the IE group was significantly higher than that in the IS group at various time points of observation）. Conclusion Enriched rehabilitative training can improve functional recovery and the expression of MAP-2 and SYN after brain ischemia, and the functional enhancement may attribute to the brain plasticity.