中文摘要：

以烟杆为原料，CO2为活化剂，采用微波辐射法制备了活性炭。采用正交实验研究了CO2流量、活化时间和微波功率对活性炭得率和吸附性能的影响，得到了最佳工艺条件。该工艺将常规加热方法的炭化和活化简化为一个过程，产品的碘吸附值超过了国家一级品标准，所需要加热时间仅为传统法的1／10，同时测定了该活性炭的氮吸附等温线，并通过BET、H—K方程和密度函数理论表征了活性炭的孔结构，结果表明该活性炭为微孔孔型，最后采用电子探针和透射电镜分析了活性炭的微观结构，结果与氮吸附测定的较为一致。

英文摘要：

A series of activated carbon was prepared with tobacco stems as raw materials and CO2 as activating agent using a microwave radiation procedure. The effects of flow rate of CO2, activation temperature and microwave power on the yield and adsorption properties of activated carbon were systematically studied via orthogonal experiments. Through primary study of the reaction mechanism of activated carbon preparation, the optimum condition was obtained. The microwave irradiation method could complete conventional processing of carbonization and activation in one stage. The iodine value adsorption of the sample exceeded that of the first-grade product specified in the National Standard and the heating time was only 1/10 times as fast as that of the conventional heating. Furthermore, the nitrogen isotherm of the sample was determined. The porous structures of the activated carbon were characterized by Horvath-Kawazoe equations and Density Function Theory （DFT）. It shows that the activated carbon is microporous. The results of the pore structures analysis are consistent with electron microprobe analyzer and transmission electron microscopy study.