中文摘要：

目的 从失言识别和信念理解两个维度出发,探究早发性精神分裂症患者心理理论能力损伤的认知特点.方法 在41名早发性分裂症患者（患者组）和40名正常青少年（对照组）被试中进行失言识别任务（faux pas recognition task）和心理理论图片（ToM-PST）任务,测定早发性分裂症患者在完成有关社会认知任务时的认知特点.结果 ①在失言情景识别测试中,患者组失言问题总分[（16.11±6.34）分]和理解失言得分[（9.88±4.11）分]与对照组[（20.86±7.79）分,（13.27±6.07）分]比较,其差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;患者组失言识别问题[（6.72±2.60）分]和对照控制问题得分[（9.83±0.44）分]与对照组得分[（7.58±2.20）分,（9.97±0.16）分]比较,差异无统计学意义（p＞0.05）.②在ToM-PST任务中,患者组ToM-PST总分[（17.29±3.38）分]显著低于对照组[（21.48±1.73）分,P＜0.01],初级信念、初级错误信念、次级信念、次级错误信念、理解三级错误信念、理解现实感问题、理解互惠性问题、理解欺骗问题、理解个人对欺骗的察觉能力各因子分组间差异均具有统计学意义（P＜0.05或0.01）.③患者组PANSS总分和病程与社会认知任务各项总分和因子分没有相关性（P＞0.05）,除了理解初级信念的分任务（P＜0.01）.结论 早发性精神分裂症患者心理理论多方面能力受损明显,与精神症状无明显相关。

英文摘要：

Objective To explore the cognitive function of the theory of mind（TOM） in early-onset schizophrenia from faux pas recognition and belief understanding dimensions.Methods 41 early-onset schizophrenias （EOS） and 40 normal adolescents were interviewed by the Chinese version of faux pas recognition task and theory of mind picture-sequencing task（ToM-PST）,then early-onset schizophrenias cognitive features were analyzed.Results ①In faux pas recognition task,compared with healthy subjects,EOS showed significantly less total scores （16.11±6.34 vs 20.86±7.79,P〈0.05）and subscores of understanding faux pas questions （9.88±4.11 vs 13.27± 6.07,P〈0.05）.In faux pas recognition scores（6.72±2.60vs 7.58±2.20） and control questions（9.83±0.44vs 9.97± 0.16） had no statistically significant difference （P〉0.05）.②In ToM-PST task,early-onset schizophrenic patients also had significantly less total score（17.29±3.38 vs 21.48± 1.73,P〈0.01）,subscores of understanding first order belief,first order error belief,second order belief,second order error belief,third order error belief,sense of reality,reciprocity,fraud,detecting fraud compared to normal controls had significant difference （all P〈 0.05 or 0.01）.③ The correlation between clinical course time and PANSS score and its subscores of the theory of mind picture-sequencing and faux pas task was non-significant（P〉0.05）except the subscores of understanding the first order belief （P〈0.01）.Conclusion The theory of mind is apparent damage in early onset schizophrenia and non-significant correlation is found with psychiatric symptoms.