中文摘要：

为了研究目标的电磁散射特性，先将导体球的散射问题等效为其外水平偶极子的散射，然后利用互易定理推导了水平偶极子的散射场并计算了导体球的雷达散射截面（RCS）。计算结果表明，当水平偶极子相对于导体球运动时，导体球近场的RCS大于远场的RCS；近场区导体球的RCS变化大，但远场区导体球的RCS基本不随距离变化，而是趋近于几何光学值；此外，远场区的双站RCS随角度的变化在E平面和H平面也有很大的不同。

英文摘要：

For purpose of studying the targets’EM scattering characteristics, the scattering of conducting sphere can be equivalent to that of its outer horizontal dipole, then the scattering field of the horizontal dipoles is derived and its radar cross section （RCS） is computed by applying the reciprocity theorem in this paper. The calculation results show that the RCS of the conducting sphere in the near field is greater than that in its distant field when the horizontal dipole moving relatively to the sphere, its RCS in near field changes greatly, but its RCS in the distant field doesn’t vary basically with the distance while approaching to the geometrical optics value, and moreover, the bi-static RCS’s changing with the incident angle in distant field is of big difference respectively in E and H planes.