中文摘要：

DNA分子标记是基于物种间遗传物质差异的最直接反应,结果稳定可靠可以弥补传统中药鉴定中的不足。本文基于DNA测序分析和PCR方法的DNA分子标记技术的两个方面,对近些年石斛属的分子鉴别研究进行阐述。文献显示,在涉及石斛属鉴别的DNA序列片段中,以核基因组中的ITS序列、叶绿体基因组的matK、rbcL和psbA-trnH等基因片段应用较多;而在PCR的方法中,以SSR、RAPD、AFLP等标记技术相对普遍。本文通过对不同分子技术手段的比较,以期为其余石斛种的研究奠定基础,也为市场交易中石斛的鉴别提供参考资料。

英文摘要：

DNA molecular marker technology is the essential response to the difference between species, the result is stable and reliable and make up for the deficiency of the traditional medicine identification. Therefore, this paper reviewed the research developments of identification of Dendrobium species based on DNA sequences and PCR methods of DNA molecular biological technology. The existing documents revealed that DNA sequences used in identification of Dendrobium mainly include nuclear ITS, chloroplast rbcL, matK, psbA-trnH, and in the PCR molecular techniques, ssR, RAPD, AFLP are relatively common. The different molecular techniques are compared in order to lay the foundation for the research of other Dendrobium species and provided the references for identification of Dendrobiurn in practical trade.