中文摘要：

采用界面聚合法通过不同质子酸掺杂分别制备了平均直径约为50,62,95nm的纤维聚苯胺。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电镜（TEM）对其化学组成和微观形貌进行了表征,采用循环伏安、恒流充放电和交流阻抗研究了不同质子酸掺杂纤维聚苯胺的超级电容器电容行为,并利用X射线衍射（XRD）、氮气吸脱附及X射线光电子能谱（XPS）等方法对纤维聚苯胺的微观结构进行了深入研究。结果表明：高氯酸（HClO4）掺杂制备的聚苯胺在0.5A/g电流密度下的比容量可以达到397F/g,高于盐酸（HCl,334F/g）和樟脑磺酸（HCSA,383F/g）掺杂聚苯胺的测试结果,纤维的电化学性能主要受其规整度、孔隙率及掺杂度的影响。

英文摘要：

Polyaniline（PANI）nanofibers with average diameter of about 50,62nm and 95nm were respectively synthesized by interfacial polymerization method in the presence of different kinds of doped acids.The chemical composition and micromorphology of PANI nanofibers were characterized by FT-IR,SEM and TEM.The electrochemical supercapacitor behaviors of PANI nanofibers doped with different proton acids were examined through Cyclic Voltammetry（CV）,galvanostatic charge-discharge and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy（EIS）.And the microstructure of PANI nanofibers was further studied by means of XRD,nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms and XPS.Results show that the specific capacitance of PANI doped with perchloric acid（HClO4）is up to 397F/g at the current density of 0.5A/g,which is much higher in comparison with those doped with hydrochloric acid（HCl,334F/g）and camphorsulfonic acid（HCSA,383F/g）.The electrochemical properties of PANI nanofibers are mainly affected by its regularity,porosity and doping degree.