中文摘要：

目的探讨遗忘型和非遗忘型轻度认知障碍（mildcognition impairment，MCI）患者局部自发脑活动特点。方法纳入遗忘型MCI（amnesic MCI，aMCI）患者25例，非遗忘型MCI（non—amnesticMCI，naMCI）患者21例和正常对照（normalcontrol，NC）15名进行静息态功能磁共振扫描，通过计算每个给定体素与其最邻近26个体素时间序列的相似性获得全脑局部一致性（regionalhomogeneity，ReHo）图，比较三组被试全脑ReHo差异。结果aMCI组右侧额叶ReHo值低于NC组，左侧颞中回和左侧小脑ReHo值高于NC组（P〈0．05，Alphasim校正）；naMCI组前扣带回和右侧额中回ReHo值低于NC组，右侧海马旁回、右侧颞中回和右侧楔前叶ReHo值高于NC组（P〈0．05，Alphasim校正）；aMCI左侧前额叶和左侧颞中回ReHo值高于naMCI组，右侧小脑ReHo值低于naMCI组（P〈0．05，Alphasim校正）。结论aMCI和naMCI患者左侧前额叶、左侧颞中回及右侧小脑自发脑功能活动存在差异，这为区别aMCI和naMCI两者脑功能活动特点提供了初步影像学依据。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate regional spontaneous brain activity in mild cognition impairment （MCI） patients with amnesic （aMCI） and non-amnesic （naMCI）. Methods Twenty-five aMCI patients, 21 naMCI patients and 15 normal controls （NC） underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. The regional homogeneity （Re- Ho） map of the whole brain was obtained by calculating the similarity of each voxel with its nearest 26 voxel time se- ries. The differences of ReHo map across the whole brain among three groups were compared. Results In aMCI group, ReHo values were lower in right frontal lobe and higher in left middle temporal gyrus and left cerebellum com- pared with NC （P〈0.05, Alphasim correction）. In naMCI group, ReHo values were higher in anterior cingulate cortex and right middle frontal gyms and lower in right parahippocampa gyrus, right middle temporal gyrus as well as right precuneus compared with NC （P〈0.05, Alphasim correction）. Compared with naMCI, the ReHo values were significantlyhigher in left prefrontal gyrus, left middle temporal gyrus and lower in right cerebellum （P〈0.05, Alphasim correction）. Conclusion There are differences in spontaneous brain activity of left prefrontal gyrus, left middle temporal gyrus and right cerebellum between aMCI and naMC1, which may be used to differentiate brain function between aMCI and naMC1 patients.