中文摘要：

输血作为一种生命救治和人体机能维持的重要手段，已经广泛应用于临床实践当中。人造红血球的研究是解决目前临床使用上存在的诸多弊端（血型、病毒感染、保质期短等），并可以安全高效的应用于紧急突发事件中的一个重要手段。本文从人体红血球的构造和基本功能出发，详细介绍并评价了人造红血球研究的发展过程和最新进展，归纳了新型人造红血球材料的设计要求，论述了医用高分子材料在人造红血球领域的应用优势，提出了生物可降解高分子与血红蛋白分子结合开发新型人造红血球的设计思路并开展了初步的科研工作。

英文摘要：

Blood transfusion is commonly used in the clinical trails for saving lives and keeping normal function of the human organs. However, there are many shortcomings in the donated blood, for example, the blood type matching, the limited preservation time, the shortage of the blood bank, and the virus contamination （like HIV or Hepatitis） of the blood product. Therefore, an artificial blood substitute with high safety, high efficacy and large-sacle produced is needed. In this article, the authors made a brief introduction and the evaluation on the history and progress of the research on synthesis of artificial red blood cells. The designation demand for the synthesis of new type of artificial red blood cells was summed up, and the core consideration to combine hemoglobin with biodegradable biomedical polymer materials was presented.