中文摘要：

金融危机后，美国政府采取了一系列振兴美国制造业的再工业化措施。在此背景下，本文主要就美国再工业化战略的内涵、成效和前景进行分析，并在此基础上探讨中国制造业部门所面临的挑战和风险。我们认为，美国再工业化的实质并不是强调美国制造业绝对竞争力的提高，而是追求制造业部门相对产出地位的上升。然而，在服务业特别是金融服务业高度发达的背景下，制造业部门国民经济地位的提升将面临着资本边际收益递减的现实困难，因此，美国的再工业化战略并不具备长期实施的经济基础。尽管如此，如果从相对收益的角度对美国再_Y-,_lk化战略的动因进行考察，中国经济增长过程中所面临的外部风险仍然需要给予足够的重视。

英文摘要：

After the US financial crisis, series of reindustrialization measures has been adopted by the US government to promote the US manufacturing sector. Under this background, this paper tries to investigate the nature, effects and motivation of the reindustrialization strategy, and policy implications to support China＇s manufacturing. We argue that the US reindustrialization strategy aims to increase the relative output share of manufacturing rather than its absolute competition. Furthermore, as a result of developed finance sector, the decreasing marginal revenue of capital will depress the development of manufacturing. The US reindustrialization strategy therefore lacks economic conditions to go further. With respect of China, if the motivation of the US reindustrialization lies in the relative interests, external risks should be given great attentlon.