中文摘要：

结合传统的实验思想与方法以及最新的虚拟地理技术,阐述并发展“虚拟地理实验”思想、概念、特征与方法.从虚拟地理环境、三条黄河、仿真虚拟科学等阐述了虚拟地理实验思想的最初形成与发展;从实践哲学角度,探讨了虚拟实践的特征、以及与现实实践的相互关系,并认为复杂性地理科学的研究需要集成现场实验、实验室实验以及计算虚拟实验等的多样化实践形式.探讨虚拟地理实验的特征、类型,尝试建立虚拟地理实验核心理论的虚实相似原理和虚实协同原理;最后,以洪水动力过程与人群活动过程为例,开展了虚拟自然地理实验与虚拟人文地理实验的初步应用原型试验.

英文摘要：

Integrating traditional experimental ideology and technology of virtual geo-reality, the thought, concept, characteristics, and methods of virtual geographic experiment are addressed. In view of aspects of virtual geograph- ic environment, three Yellow Rivers, and simulation and virtual science, the shaping and development of virtual geographic experiment are discussed. Based on the theory of practical philosophy, the characteristics of virtual practice and its relationship with real practice are explored, it is argued that the multiple practices including field experiment, experiment in laboratory, and computing and virtual experiments are essential to the research of com- plexity geo-seience. The characteristics and types of virtual geographic experiments are discussed, and the theories of virtuality-reality similarity and virtuality-reality collaboration are established. At last, in cases of flooding process and crowd activity process, two application prototypes of virtual human geography and virtual physical geography are designed and carried out.