中文摘要：

从地理系统研究的角度探讨了自然地理过程与人文地理过程集成模拟的重要性和必要性，并面向突发事件，提出了在微观环境中以个体为建模单元集成模拟上述两个过程的框架。以网格为基本单元，对集成模拟的媒介——地理要素对象进行了建模，进而结合高斯数理模型、元胞自动机和多智能体系统，分别对病原体扩散的自然地理过程和人群活动的人文地理过程建模。并以北京展览馆为研究区，对模拟试验进行了描述，分析了突发事件的演变过程与人群活动特征。该研究可为微观环境中人地关系集成分析提供支持，为突发事件的定性定量分析提供方法参考。

英文摘要：

From the view of geographic system, the importance and necessity of integrating simulalion of the physical geo- graphical process and the human geographical process was discussed. Then the framework for integrating simulation of the above two processes in the micro-spatial environment was given. Grid and spatial object, the two basic units of spatial data modeling in geographical process simulation, was advanced and the spatial object was modeled based on grid. After that, combined with the Gaussian mathematical model, cellular automata and multi-agent systems, the physical geographical process of pathogens diffusion and the human geographical process of crowd activities were both modeled. Take Beijing Exhibition Center as a typical study area, the detailed description of the geographic simulation was given, and the characteristics of crowd activity in emergencies were analysed. This study can provide support for the integrating analysis of the people-land relationship in the micro-spatial environment and qualitative and quantitative analysis of emergencies.