中文摘要：

以金星借力探测火星为背景,针对传统借力飞行轨道设计方法中存在的问题,提出了一种星际探测借力飞行轨道的混合设计方法。该方法在分析借力天体特性的基础上,采用等高线图给出可能出现借力参数匹配的区域,提出＂软匹配＂策略进行轨道拼接,采用混合优化设计方法得到轨道优化设计参数,有效地解决了传统方法对一些满足约束条件转移轨道方案的遗漏问题。本文以2017-2018年金星借力探测火星为例给出了设计结果,设计参数与M.Okutsu给出的一致,同时还得到了该参数区域一个新的借力轨道转移方案。此外,本文还对2010-2018年采用金星借力探测火星的转移轨道进行了研究,给出了金星借力探测火星较好的设计参数区域,这些研究对于未来可能的火星探测任务的设计与规划具有重要的参考意义。

英文摘要：

Taking the exploring Mars via Venus gravity-assist as the background,a hybrid design method of gravity-assist trajectories for interplanetary missions is proposed to the problems of conventional design method of gravity-assist trajectory. First,based on analysis of characteristics of gravity-assist celestial bodies,we provide the possible parameter matching regions for gravity-assist trajectory by using the contour map of hyperbolic excess velocity. Then,while patching the segments of gravity-assist trajectories,we present the ＂Soft matching＂ strategy instead of the classical matching strategy. Finally,the hybrid optimal algorithm is used to optimize the design parameters of gravity-assist trajectories. This method could resolve effectively the problem that conventional method omits gravity-assist opportunities satisfied with constraints. Taking the exploring Mars via Venus gravity-assist in 2017-2018 years as an example,we not only provide the design results that agree with that of Okutsu,but also find a new trajectory profile in the same parameter region. In addition,we also analyze the transfer opportunities for exploring Mars with Venus gravity-assist in the peroid of 2010-2018,and provide the better design parameter regions. These researches will present the significant reference for the future Mars mission.