中文摘要：

利用美国国家海洋大气管理局（NOAA）2002年发布的全球海域硝酸盐和磷酸盐及温盐数据库资料（WORLD OCEAN DATABASE2001），研究东海外海海域营养盐分布特征及季节变化的三维时空过程。结果表明：表、底层硝酸盐和磷酸盐浓度均从西向东减少，底层水至东海大陆坡-冲绳海槽又出现高值；黑潮及其分支台湾暖流向东海入侵路径在底部呈现营养盐浓度高值带；表层营养盐的浓度普遍低，尤其是黑潮流经区表层海水，表层浓度次高值仅在长江口外海区季节性的出现。东海外海海域硝酸盐和磷酸盐浓度分布变化和海域营养盐的输入量、海水温度、营养盐的物理扩散、海洋生物地球化学过程、海洋生物活性及温、盐跃层强弱有关，东海宽广的大陆架底形也有重要作用。东海外海海域营养盐研究表明，沉积物一海水界面交换是东海营养盐的重要补充途径，涌升流区成为渔业资源丰富、发展前景看好的区域。

英文摘要：

In recent years, the area of the East China Sea adjacent to land has been seriously polluted and water quality is declining. The inshore fishery is affected by accelerated eutrophication, which is mainly caused by nitrogen and phosphorus enrichment. Marine fishery resources are important for marine economic development, it is necessary to actively exploit new resources and fishing grounds, and to adapt to changes in order to protect natural resources and achieve sustainable development of the fishing industry. One method is to develop offshore fisheries. Location of fishing grounds is closely related to the distribution of nutrients, so we studied the distribution characteristics and seasonal variation of nitrate and phosphate in the offshore areas of the East China Sea using the WORLD OCEAN DATABASE 2001 released by NOAA in 2002. The results show that nutrient concentration both in surface and bottom waters decline from west to east, and then increase in bottom water until reaching the continental slope of the East China Sea- Okinawa Trough region. In the outer Yangtze estuary, the nutrient concentration is low （nitrate concentration is under 4μmol/L, and phosphate concentration is under 0.3μmol/L） from May to September, and is relatively high （nitrate concentration in surface water reaches 11μmol/L, and phosphate concentration reaches 0.9μmol/L） from November to March, and moderate during April and October. The changes in nutrient concentration are directly connected with the situation of the Yangtze estuary plume. There is a high nutrient concentration belt （nitrate concentration is above 7μmol/L, and phosphate concentration is above 0.6μmol/L） in the bottom waters of the Kuroshio and its western branch-Taiwan Warm Current. The nutrient concentration is low in surface water especially in Kuroshio, and the hypo-high concentration in surface water only appears seasonally in the outer Yangtze estuary. Because of the differences in nutrient sources, sea water temperature, oceanographic condition,