中文摘要：

以青蒿素为基础的联合用药是疟疾特别是恶性疟现有的首选、最佳疗法，青蒿素类药物需求巨大。青蒿素原料药依旧主要依赖于从药用植物黄花蒿（中药青蒿）提取、分离、纯化，但其在黄花蒿中的含量较低，且含量变异大。黄花蒿分泌型腺毛是合成、分泌、积累及储存青蒿素的场所，腺毛的正常发育直接关系到青蒿素的产量。提高青蒿素产量、降低生产成本有重大意义，也是当前国际研究热点。该文介绍了青蒿素体内生物合成的分子机制和代谢调控，以及青蒿素合成器腺毛的研究进展，这些将为开拓新的方法来提高植物来源青蒿素的产量提供帮助。

英文摘要：

Artemisinin-based combination therapy （ACT） is the best available treatment, particularly for Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Artemisinin, whose main source is Artemisia annua, has large demand and shortsupply every year. Artemisininis synthesized, stored, and secreted by the glandular secretory trichomes of A. annua （AaGSTs）. In general, the population and morphology of AaGSTs are often positively correlated with artemisinin content. This review article introduces the molecular mechanism of biosynthesis and regu- lation of artemisininin A. annua. Furthermore, this article will refresh the classification of trichomes in A. annua and provide anover- view of the recent achievements regarding AaGSTs and artemisinin. These will shed light on exploring the method for increasing plant- derived artemisinin.