中文摘要：

目的探讨心力衰竭时下丘脑室旁核小胶质细胞通过释放炎性细胞因子增加交感神经活动。方法采用冠脉结扎术制作心力衰竭动物模型。4周后观察下丘脑室旁核活化的小胶质细胞数量，TNF-α的表达，肾交感神经放电以及心功能的变化。结果心力衰竭大鼠下丘脑室旁核活化的小胶质细胞数量及TNF-α水平明显高于假手术大鼠（P〈0．05），心功能降低（P〈0．05），肾交感神经放电增强（P〈0．05）。结论心力衰竭时，下丘脑室旁核活化的小胶质细胞可能通过释放促进交感神经活动。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the sympathoexcitation of activated PVN microglia in heart failure. Methods Adult male Sprage-Dawley rats （230±30） g underwent ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery to induce HF or sham surgery （SHAM） for 4 weeks. Changes in number of activated PVN cells, TNF-alpha expression, activity of renal sympathetic nerves and cardiac function were studied. Results Compared with SHAM rats, HF rats had higher levels of activated microglia and TNF-α in the PVN, higher left ventricular end-diastolic pressure （LVEDP）, lower maximal rate of rise and decline of ventricular pressure （±dp/dtmax）, higher right ventricle/body weight （BW） and lung/BW ratio than SHAM rats, and augmented renal sympathetic nerve activity （P〈0.05）. Conclusion These findings suggested that activated mieroglia in the PVN contributes to the sympathoexcitation by releasing inflammatory cytokines in HF.