中文摘要：

目的介绍仅有两名被鉴定人时二者间常见亲缘关系指数的统一算法。方法以ITO法计算二联体亲权指数（paternity index in duos,PID）、全同胞指数（full sibling index,FSI）、半同胞指数（half siblingindex,HSI）、叔侄指数（avuncular index,AI）、祖孙关系指数（grandparental index,GI）和第一代堂（表）兄妹指数（first cousin index,CI1st）的公式为基础,采用归纳法分析得到不同亲缘关系指数计算公式中的公因子为状态一致性等位基因的频率倒数加1,以此公因子结合亲缘系数（r）对不同的亲缘关系指数计算公式进行统一描述。结果在公因子和r值基础上,根据两个被鉴定人是否为杂合子,建立了PID、HSI、AI、GI和CI1st 5种亲缘关系指数的统一算法。FSI同样可依据被鉴定人是否均为杂合子采用另两个公式进行计算。结论本研究给出的两个个体间6种常用亲缘关系指数的计算方法在实际案例中具有实用性,易于通过编程实现批量运算。

英文摘要：

Objective To establish universal algorithms for commonly used kinship indices between two individuals.Methods Based on the formulas of paternity index in duos（PID）,full sibling index（FSI）,half sibling index（HSI）,avuncular index（AI）,grandparental index（GI） and first cousin index（CI1st） deduced from ITO method,the common factors,1 plus reciprocal of the frequency of the allele with identity by state between the two individuals,shared in these formulas were abstracted with induction method,following with reconstruction of these formulas with the common factor and the coefficient of relationship（r）.Results A universal algorithm for PID,HSI,AI,GI and CI1st was developed with the common factor and r value according to the heterozygosity of the two individuals.Meanwhile,a group of two formulas for FSI calculation was also established according to the individuals＇ heterozygosity.Conclusion The universal algorithms for the 6 types of kinship indices are practical in corresponding kinship determination and the batch arithmetic operation with the universal algorithms can be easily programmed.