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中文摘要：
西南太平洋板块与澳大利亚板块之间的汤加-克马德克俯冲带，是研究地球动力学最重要的区域之一．本文研究根据MIT～P08地震数据，结合板块构造边界、地震活动分布、海岸地形数据等，基于GOCAD软件平台建立三维地震层析成像，对西南太平洋板块的汤加-克马德克俯冲板片进行三维解释．地震层析成像显示汤加-斐济地区地幔至少存在三个“高速”异常体．早期汤加-克马德克俯冲板片穿过地幔转换带，并进入下地幔，最大深度达1600km．三维构造模型揭示了汤加克马德克板片在深度600～800km处存在断折形变，该俯冲板片去褶皱恢复后，测量其俯冲的最大位移达2600km．汤加-克马德克板片开始快速俯冲的时间至少在30Ma之前，平均移动速率约为68～104mrn／a．俯冲板片三维构造重建和恢复，可以有效揭示俯冲板片几何学、运动学，为研究深源地震成因、地球深部变化过程和动力学机制提供约束．
英文摘要：
The Tonga-Kermadec subdction zone between the southwest Pacific Plate and the Australian Plate is one of the key regions to the Geodynamics research. In this paper, in order to map the 3-D geometries of subducting slabs, the MIT-P08 seismic tomography dataset have been add to the GOCAD software by integrating with tectonic boundaries, earthquakes and coastlines. The tomography shows there are three anomalously fast regions in the mantle beneath the Tonga- Fiji area. The Tonga-kermadec slab have subducted into the mantle transition zone and penetrated into the lower mantle. The maximum subducted depth is about 1600 km. 3 D structural model reveals the Tonga kemadec slab is faulting and folding at 600~800 km depth. After the subducting slab is unfolding and restoration, measuring its maximum subducted displacement nearly 2600 km. The results indicate that the Tonga-kemadec slab subducted before 30Ma at least with the average rates of 68~104 mm/a. Reconstruction and recovery of the 3-D slab can reveal the detailed geometry and the kinematics of subducting slab, which is providing the constraints to the deep earthquakes, the deep earth processes and dynamic mechanism.
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