中文摘要：

精子形成过程中，基因表达经历了减数分裂性染色体失活，但有很多基因在减数分裂后期转录又重新被激活。转录产物研究表明，X和Y染色体特异基因在不同物种精子中都发生了不同程度的转录，并且对转录产物的研究方法也取得了巨大进展，产生了微阵列、SAGE及抑制消减杂交等先进的技术手段，随着这些技术的日益成熟和完善，通过深入研究，精子中性别相关基因转录表达调控机理将越来越清晰，并推动性别特异蛋白的研究取得更大进展。

英文摘要：

The expression of genes are subject to meiotic sex-chromosome inactivation （MSCI） during spermatogenesis, but lots of gene transcripts are reactivated in postmeiotic. The studies on transcripts show that the transcription of X and Y chromosome specific genes occur in different mammalian species spermatozoa in some extent. The study techniques of the transcripts had made great progress, such as DNA microarray, Serial Analysis of Gene Expression, Suppression Subtractive Hybridization and so on. With further development of these technologies, the transcription and regulation mechanism of sex-determining genes in spermatozoa will be more and more clear, and greater progress will be made on the research of sex specific protein.