中文摘要：

树轮生理模型能够揭示树木生长与外界环境关系的内在机制.模型允许不同时期有不同的生长限制因子,避免了树木生长对气候响应的敏感性随时间变化等问题.应用模型的一个显著优点即是能够分析树木生长与气候因子的非线性关系,定量区分不同环境因子对树木生长的贡献权重,为树轮气候学和树轮生态学研究提供生理基础.本文以V-S模型、TREE-RING模型和MAIDENiso模型为例,详细评述了模型的形成背景、运行机制、应用和各自的优缺点.比较而言,V-S模型的物理过程简单,对实测数据的要求在一般的树轮研究样点就可得到满足,应用范围广泛,目前已被成功用于分析不同气候区树木生长与外界环境因子关系的研究中.结合在青藏高原东北部的实测数据,分析发现祁连圆柏生长主要受当地水分条件的限制,验证了此前基于统计结果的可靠性.TREE-RING和MAIDENiso模型的物理过程更为完善,能够分析工业革命以来大气CO2浓度增加对树木生长的影响,但对实测数据要求较高,如对日降水中δ18O值的需求,应用范围受限.整体而言,树轮生理模型已取得了长足的发展,不断深化了人们对树木生长与气候因子关系的理解.模型的进一步优化与改进有待于对全球变化背景下树木生理生态交互过程及非气候因子影响的深入研究.

英文摘要：

To thoroughly understanding the relationships between tree-ring growth and climate factors, we need to relay on tree physiological models. Simulations on one hand could enhance the interpretation of statistical response functions from a physiological view, on the other hand, may explain the divergences detected in the response function results in some cases, and thus provide additional information about climate effects on tree growth in different environments. Furthermore, the partial influences of each environment on tree growth can be quantified by models. Hence, the advantages of tree physiological models cannot be ignored when engaging in dendroclimatology or dendroecology studies. In this study, we reviewed the V-S, TREE-RING and MAIDENiso models in detail, including their physical mechanisms, operating environment, and their advantages as well as disadvantages. Specifically, with the V-S model, we monitored juniper tree growth process in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, and found that moisture variability was the limiting factor during the main growing season. Modeled results verified statistical analysis in the study region. Compared to TREE-RING and MAIDENiso models, the physical mechanism of V-S is limited, which cannot be used to systematically analyze the process of carbon allocation, storage and remobilization, and thus, could not present tree growth responses to increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration over the past 150 years. However, the model only needs daily mean temperature and accumulated precipitation as inputs, enabling ring width simulations in any location where daily climate records exist. Therefore, V-S model has been widely used up to now. Perhaps the most complete of tree physiological models, incorporating processes linking environmental conditions to tree-ring characteristics via photosynthesis, respiration, carbon storage, and cambial processes, are TREE-RING and MAIDENiso models. They can be used to investigate the imprints of increasing COz concentration on tree growth. But