中文摘要：

提出一种基于反射声功率最小的吸声方法。将压电材料作为主动吸声的主体材料,借鉴主动吸声的原理进行吸声,将压电陶瓷晶片粘贴在很薄的简支平板上,通过布置于简支平板正前方的两个麦克风传感器检测出入射声波与反射声波。根据检测出的反射声波,将其与加在压电陶瓷上电压而引起简支平板振动而引起的声压表示为总的反射声压。在反射声压平方和最小的条件下,求得加在压电陶瓷上的电压,从而达到吸声的效果。并将单片压电陶瓷晶片反射声压平方和的理论和多片压电陶瓷晶片反射声压平方和的理论分别进行设计。对压电陶瓷晶片数量为一片、三片、五片几种情况,分别进行数值计算与试验,结果表明,该方法能起到很好的主动吸声效果,且压电陶瓷晶片数量为三片时效果就很好,更多的压电陶瓷晶片没有使吸声效果明显的增加。

英文摘要：

A sound absorption method based on the reflected sound of the least power is put forward. It takes piezoelectric materials as the main body material of the active sound absorption to absorb the sound with the active sound absorption principle. It past the piezoelectric ceramic on the thin simply support board through two microphones sensor which arranges in front of the simply supported board to test the incident sound waves and reflection sound waves. According to the detected reflection sound wave, the sound pressure which is produced by the wave and vibration of the simply support board adding the piezoelectric ceramic voltage is the total reflected sound pressure. At the condition of the least quadratic and the sum of the reflected sound pressure, the voltage is obtained which adds in the piezoelectric ceramic, so as to achieve the effect of sound absorption. The sound pressure quadratic sum theory of single piece of piezoelectric ceramic chips and more pieces of piezoelectric ceramic chips is designed. Numerical calculation and experiment are made according to the number of the piezoelectric ceramic chips for one, three and five etc. The results show that this method could have good active effect of sound absorption, and the effect is good when the number of piezoelectric ceramic chips is three. More piezoelectric ceramic chips could not made the sound absorption effect obvious increase.