中文摘要：

文章主要研究农村经济发展与化肥使用量之间的关系，提出两者之间的库兹涅茨曲线假说。通过构建农户选择行为模型，从理论上对两者存在库兹涅茨曲线关系给出微观解释。在此基础上，采用1978--2008年的时问序列数据进行了实证检验，结果表明：农村经济发展与化肥使用量之间存在库兹涅茨曲线关系，转折点发生在农村人均农业总产值为547．67元（1978年不变价）的时点，即与国家统计局统计数据比较，转折点发生在2008年。

英文摘要：

The paper explores the relationship between rural economic growth and chemical fertilizers consumption, and the Kuznets Cures＇ hypothesis is described in the relation between them. With building the farmers＇ behavior selection model, the paper presents the microcosmic explanation on the Kuznets curves and validated it based on the serial data between 1978 and 2008 in China. The result suggests that there is a Kuznets Cure eurviliner relationship between rural economic growth and chemical fertilizers consumption, with the turning point happens on the specific time point that the average agricultural output is 547.67 yuan （in constant prices of 1978） , comparing with the statistical data, it can be found that 2008 is the turning point.