中文摘要：

由于抗生素在养殖业和畜牧业中的长期滥用，其对水环境的污染胁迫已日益受到关注。本研究选取大型溢（Daphnia moilha）、斑马鱼（Danio redo）和鲫鱼（Carassius auratus）作为受试生物，探讨环境中普遍存在的四环素类抗生素——四环素（Tetracycline，TC）和金霉素（Chlortetracycline，CTC）对以上3种水生生物的急性毒性，从而初步评价四环素类抗生素对水生生物的潜在生态风险。结果表明，四环素对鲫鱼和斑马鱼96h-LC50值分别为322．8mg·L^-1和406．0mg·L^-1，对大型涵的48h-EC50值为617．2mg·L^-1。金霉素对鲫鱼和斑马鱼96h-LC50值分别为34．68mg·L^-1和61．15mg·L^-1，对大型涵48h-EC50值为137．6mg·L^-1。3种水生生物对四环素和金霉素的毒性敏感顺序均为：鲫鱼〉斑马鱼〉大型潘，金霉素的毒性明显高于四环素。根据毒性分级标准判定，四环素对3种水生生物均属低毒，金霉素对大型涵属低毒，对于斑马鱼和鲫鱼则属中毒。

英文摘要：

Due to the long-term abuse of antibiotics in the aquaculture industry and the livestock husbandry, its impact on the aquatic environment has been paid increasing concern. The acute toxicity of tetracycline （TC） and chlortetracycline （CTC） to Daphnia magna, Danio rerio and Carassius auratus was studied in this paper. It showed that the 96 h-LC50 values of TC to C. auratus and D. rerio were 322.8 mg·L^-1 and 406.0 mg·L^-1, and the 48 h-EC50 value of D. mogna was 617.2 mg·L^-1. On the other hand, the acute toxicity of CTC to D. magna, D. rerio and C. auratus were 137.59 mg·L^-1 （48 h-EC50）, 61.15 mg·L^-1 （96 h-LC50） and 34.68 mg·L^-1 （96 h-LCs0） respectively. The toxic sensitivities of these organisms to TC and CTC were both in an order of C. auratus〉 D. rerio 〉D. magna. However, the toxicity of CTC to three organisms was significantly higher than that of TC. Based on these acute toxic values and the classification criteria of the toxic chemicals, TC belonged to the class of low toxicity to all of the three organisms. CTC belonged to the class of low toxicity to D. magna, but, middle toxicity to D. rerio and C. auratus. The results could be used as the risk assessment of the two antibiotics in the environment.