中文摘要：

2014年5-9月,采用目标动物取样法,对栖息在铜陵淡水豚国家级自然保护区半自然水域的两头成年雌性长江江豚分娩后4个月内的抚幼行为进行观察。结果表明,母豚有5种明显的抚幼行为,其中以护领行为和携带行为为主,托举行为、返回行为和干涉行为发生频率较低;随着幼豚发育,托举、携带、干涉行为呈下降趋势;护领行为先上升,后趋于平稳;返回行为变化相对平稳,但在幼豚2月龄左右出现一个高峰。此外,两头母豚间的干涉和返回行为发生频率差别较大。综合以上结果可见,出生后约两个月内是半自然水域长江江豚抚幼的关键时期,应在此期间加强管理。

英文摘要：

From May to September 2014, using focal-animal sampling methods, we studied the maternal care within 4 months postpartum of two adult Yangtze finless porpoises （ Neophocaena asiaeorientalis asiaeorientalis） living in the semi- natural water environment of Tongling Freshwater Dolphins National Nature Reserve. The results indicate that there were five kinds of maternal care behaviors exhibited. Sheltering and carrying were the most common behaviors, while lifting, re- turning and intervening occurred less often. As calves grew, the frequencies of lifting, carrying and intervening declined, while sheltering increased early in the calf＇s life and leveled off as it grew. The returning behavior was relatively stable, but there was a peak in returning frequency when calves were approximately two months old. In addition, the frequencies of returning and intervening differed greatly between the two mothers. We conclude that the first two months of life are crucial for calf survival, so management should be strengthened during this period.