中文摘要：

为探讨节水灌溉与氮肥施用对水稻分蘖期根系特征和氮磷钾累积的影响，该试验采用防雨棚池栽试验，研究2个灌溉模式（常规灌溉与控制灌溉）与3个施氮量（90、180和270kghm-2）对水稻分蘖期根系活力、最长根长、根直径、根体积、水稻根、茎、叶的含氮、磷、钾量及累积量的影响。研究结果表明，随着施氮水平增加，水稻根茎叶及整株的氮含量、茎及整株的氮累积量、茎的钾含量增加，水稻根系活力、最长根长、根直径、根体积、整株生物干质量、根叶的氮累积量、根叶及整株的磷含量、根叶茎及整株的磷累积量、根叶的钾含量、根茎叶及整株的钾累积量呈先增加后降低趋势；与常规灌溉模式相比，水稻根系活力、根直径、根体积、叶氮累积量、根及整株的磷含量增加。在该试验条件下，以控制灌溉模式下施氮量180kghm-2利于水稻分蘖期根系生长和养分吸收利用，水稻根系活力、根体积、整株生物干质量、整株的氮含量、整株氮累积量分别达到0．94％、21．27cm3、22．68gplant-1、72．40mgg-1、1．74gplant-1。该研究为认识水氮调控下水稻分蘖期根系特征与氮、磷、钾吸收利用，指导水稻节水节肥栽培实践提供支撑。

英文摘要：

This study investigated the effects of long-term irrigation and nitrogen （N） fertilizer application on root characteristics and N, phosphorous （P） and potassium （K） uptakes of rice at tillering stage. The experiments were conducted in pools within rain-proof shelter at the Agricultural Science Research Institute of Anhui Science and Technology University in Fucheng Town, Fengyang Country, Anhui Province. Samples were collected from treatments under control and conventional irrigation at the N application rates of 90 kg hm-2, 180 kg hm-2, and 270 kg hm-2. Results showed that irrigation and N fertilizer application significantly influenced the root characteristics and nutrient uptake of rice. With ncrease in N application rate, N contents of root, stem, leaf and total plant, N accumulation in stem and total plant, K content of stem increased, while root activity, maximum root length, root diameter, root volume, dry weight of total plants biomass, N accumulation in root and leaf, P contents of root, leaf and total plant, P accumulation in root, leaf, stem and total plant, K content of root and leaf, K accumulation in root, leaf, stem and total plant firstly increased and then decreased. Compared with conventional irrigation, root activity, maximum root length, root diameter, root volume, N accumulation in root, and P contents of root and total plant increased under control irrigation. The controlled irrigation combined with suitable N application rate at 180 kg hm-2 could be benefit for root and nutrient uptake under this experiment condition. This research could provide supports for understanding the root characteristics of rice at tillering stage and the uptake of N, P, K by rice and guiding the cultivation practice of water-saving and fertilizer-saving.