中文摘要：

为了研究微生物在普洱茶发酵中对联苯菊酯的降解规律,以人工添加180倍液联苯菊酯的云南大叶种晒青毛茶为材料,分别设置接种黑曲霉、酿酒酵母、产黄青霉以及不接菌的对照进行普洱茶固态发酵,应用气相色谱质谱联用分析方法测定茶叶中联苯菊酯的残留,分析比较微生物在普洱茶固态发酵中对联苯菊酯农药的降解规律。结果表明,普洱茶固态发酵中联苯菊酯残留量降低,接种微生物能够有效降低联苯菊酯的含量25%左右（P〈0.05）,其中酿酒酵母发酵对联苯菊酯农药残留的降解效果显著高于黑曲霉、产黄青霉处理（P〈0.05）。联苯菊酯在黑曲霉、酿酒酵母、产黄青霉以及不接菌固态发酵普洱茶过程中的降解动态规律符合一级动力学模型C=C0e~（-kt）,降解曲线方程分别为：C=12.889e~（-0.043t）,C=13.348e~（-0.057t）,C=13.309e~（-0.042t）,C=14.458e~（-0.04t）。综上,研究表明,由于优势微生物的作用,晒青毛茶上的联苯菊酯在固态发酵中显著降低,残效期缩短。

英文摘要：

In order to study the degradation of bifenthrin in solid-state fermentation of Pu-erh tea,the sun-dried leaves of the large-leaf tea species Camellia sinensis（Linn.）var.assamica（Masters）Kitamura in Yunnan Province were added with180 times of bifenthrin and used as raw materials.Three solid-state fermentations（SSF）of Pu-erh tea inoculated with Aspergillus niger,Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Penicillium chrysogenum,and a traditional SSF with no-inoculation were developed,respectively.Then the residues of bifenthrin in tea leaves were measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）.The degradation of bifenthrin by microorganisms in solid-state fermentation of Pu-erh tea was analyzed.The results showed that the residues of bifenthrin were decreased during SSF of the Pu-erh tea.Inoculation of fungi could effectively reduce the content of bifenthrin in the SSF of Pu-erh tea.The degradation effect of bifenthrin in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation was significantly higher than that in Aspergillus niger and Penicilliumsp.（P〈0.05）.The degrading dynamics of bifenthrin was the first-order kinetic model：C=C0e~（-kt）.The degradation curve equation were C=12.889e~（-0.043t）,C=13.348e~（-0.057t）,C=13.309e~（-0.042t）,C=14.458e~（-0.04t） ,respectively of three solid-state fermentations（SSF）of Pu-erh tea inoculated with Aspergillus niger,Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Penicillium chrysogenum,and traditional SSF with no-inoculation.In conclusion,the content of bifenthrin was significantly decreased in SSF of Pu-erh tea,due to the degradation by microorganisms.It is worth to further study the degradation effect of SSF in Pu-erh tea on other pesticides.