中文摘要：

针对数学形态学结构元素无法动态调整尺寸的问题，结合量子理论提出一种基于非线性量子比特的形态滤波方法，提升形态学的机械振动信号处理效果。分析机械信号与量子理论结合的可行性，并在此基础上构建机械振动信号的峰值波谷的量子表达形式；结合振动信号的最大值和最小值，通过数学分析提出非线性量子比特的表达式，用于表达振动信号的瞬时状态；根据振动信号邻域的关联性，分析振动信号的局部特点，建立振动信号的三量子位系统；根据机械振动信号的峰值波谷的量子表达形式，在三量子位系统的框架内，提出机械振动信号在量子概率特征下的结构元素尺寸收缩算子，并基于尺寸收缩算子实现结构元素长度的自适应调整。运用轴承故障信号进行分析，结果表明，该方法能够比传统方法更加有效地提取出故障脉冲信息。

英文摘要：

Aiming at the problem that mathematical morphology structuring element is unable to adjust its length dynamically, a morphological filtering method using nonlinear quantum bit integrating quantum theory is presented, to enhance mechanical vibration signal processing effect of morphology. Firstly the feasibility of combination between mechanical signal and quantum theory is analyzed. Based on the analysis, the quantum expressions of crest and trough in mechanical vibration signal are presented. Then combining both maximum and minimum of vibration signal, an expression of nonlinear quantum bit is proposed after mathematical analysis, which is used to depict the instantaneous state of vibration signal. The next according to the relevance in the neighbourhood of mechanical vibration signal, a quantum system with multiple quantum bits for mechanical vibration signals is proposed after local characteristics of vibration signals are analyzed. Based on the quantum expressions of crest and trough in mechanical vibration signal, a structuring element length shrinkadge operator using quantum probability is proposed for mechanical vibration signals in the framework of quantum system with multiple quantum bits. Based on the length shrinkadge operator, the length of structuring element achieves adaptive adjustment. An example of bearing fault diagnosis is given and gets a good result which indicates that this method is more effective in extracting fault pulse information than that using a conventional method.