中文摘要：

目的：分析胸膜腔曲霉菌病患者的基础疾病、临床表现、危险因素，探讨胸膜腔曲霉菌病治疗的有效方法，提高对胸膜腔曲霉菌病的认识。方法回顾性分析1例采用全身应用抗曲霉菌属药物联合胸膜腔冲洗及局部保留用药成功救治的胸膜腔曲霉菌病患者的诊治过程及随访资料，评价其疗效和不良反应，并通过万方数据库及PubM ed检索国内外中英文文献，对检出的9例类似病例进行文献复习。结果该患者胸膜腔曲霉菌病治愈，无不良反应或重大并发症，随访两年病情稳定；分析该病例及文献报道的9例病例发现，10例胸膜腔曲霉菌属感染均为继发性，均患有基础疾病，2例为肺曲霉菌病术后、8例应用了糖皮质激素和（或）广谱抗菌药物、9例伴有支气管胸膜瘘、9例为男性患者；10例胸膜腔曲霉菌病患者治疗方法中3例采用手术加术后抗曲霉菌属药物治疗，3例采用≥2种药物联合治疗，2例应用了单一抗曲霉菌属药物治疗，2例应用了单一抗曲霉菌属药物及胸腔冲洗保留药物治疗。结论抗曲霉菌属药物全身应用联合胸膜腔局部冲洗用药是胸膜腔曲霉菌病的有效治疗方法，重视基础疾病的规范治疗和积极支持疗法有助于疾病恢复。

英文摘要：

OBJECTIVE To analyze the basic etiology ,clinical manifestations and risk factors of pleural aspergillo-sis ,and to explore the effective treatment method of pleural aspergillosis and improve understanding of pleural as-pergillosis .METHODS One case of pleural aspergillosis was successful treated by systemic application of anti-as-pergillus drugs in combination with pleural cavity flushing and local reserved medication .Materials of the success-fully cured patient including diagnosis ,treatment method ,follow-up data ,efficacy and adverse reactions were ret-rospectively analyzed .The other nine cases from PUBMED and Chinainfo intrieval system about pleural aspergillo-sis were also reviewed .RESULTS The patient with pleural aspergillosis was cured without any adverse reactions or major complications ,and was in stable condition during a 2-year follow-up .The retrospectively analytical results of the 10 cases with pleural aspergillosis revealed that all cases were secondary infection accompanied by underlying diseases ,2 cases occurred after surgery for pulmonary aspergilloma ,8 cases used glucocorticoids or antimicrobial agents ,9 cases were accompanied by bronchial fistula ,and 9 cases were males .For treatment methods of the 10 cases ,3 cases were treated by surgery plus postoperative anti-aspergillus drugs ,3 cases used two or more kinds of drugs ,2 cases applied single anti-aspergillus drug ,2 cases applied single anti-aspergillus drug combined with pleu-ral lavage reserved drugs .CONCLUSION Systemic anti-aspergillus drugs combined with pleural cavity flushing and local pleural drug administration is an effective method to treat pleural aspergillosis .Close attention to treatment of underlying diseases and positive supportive therapy play important roles in the recovery of pleural aspergillosis .