中文摘要：

目的：探讨儿童人工耳蜗植入术后音乐能力的发展趋势，为人工耳蜗植入儿童音乐能力评估提供临床资料。方法：26例人工耳蜗植入儿童，手术年龄为11～68个月，平均35．6个月；以76例1～24月龄的听力正常婴幼儿作为对照组，平均月龄6．1个月。使用小龄人工耳蜗儿童音乐能力等级量表进行评估。人工耳蜗植入儿童评估分别在开机时，开机后1、3、6、9、12及24个月时进行；听力正常婴幼儿评估分别在1、3、6、9、12及24月龄时进行。结果：人工耳蜗植入儿童的音乐能力得分随人工耳蜗使用时间的延长而显著提高（P〈O．05），听力正常婴幼儿的音乐能力得分亦随年龄的增长而显著提高（P〈O．05）。经两样本比较的秩和检验，人工耳蜗植入儿童与听力正常婴幼儿在听力年龄为1、3、6、9、12个月时音乐能力得分的差异无统计学意义（P〉O．05），在听力年龄为24个月时音乐能力得分的差异有统计学意义（P〈O．05）。结论：人工耳蜗植入儿童开机后音乐能力随人工耳蜗使用时间的延长而显著提高，并在开机12个月内呈现快速增长趋势。

英文摘要：

The purpose of this study is to analyze the development of musicality in children after cochlear implantation, and provide a clinical database for the evaluation of their musicality. Method： Twenty-six children with cochlear implants （CI group） participated in this research. They received cochlear implants at the age of 11 to 68 months with a mean of 35.6 months. Seventy-six infants as a control group aged from 1 to 24 months with a mean of 6.1 months participated in this study, whose hearing were considered normal by passing the case history collection, high-risk registers for hearing loss and hearing screening using DPOAE. The music and young children with CIs： Musicality Rating Scale was used to evaluate their musicality. The evaluation was performed before cochlear implantation and 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24 months after cochlear implantation for children with cochlear implants. The evaluation was also performed at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24 months for children with normal hearing. Result：The mean scores of musicality showed significant improvements with time of CI use for CI group（P〈 0.05）. The mean scores of musicality also showed significant improvements with time for control group （P〈 0.05）. There were no significant differences in mean scores between CI group and control group at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 months of hearing age by rank sum test（P〉0.05）. Significant difference was noted between the two groups at 24 months（P〈0.05）. Conclusion：The musicality of children with cochlear implants improved significantly with time after cochlear implantation. The most rapid growth was found in the first year after cochlear implantation.