中文摘要：

山东微山稀土矿是我国三大轻稀土基地之一，产出有大量金属硫化物。本文在金属硫化物中富含银，且达到工业品位。流体包裹体研究表明，矿床内存在四类包裹体：含子矿物包裹体、含CO2包襄体、含SO4^2-包裹体，以及盐水溶液包裹体。盐水溶液包裹体与含CO2包裹体的热力学特征存在较大差异，激光拉曼分析表明包裹体中的子矿物主要为硅酸盐、硫酸盐和碳酸盐矿物，重晶石产出含SO4^2-溶液包裹体，盐水溶液包裹体含有H2S，少量盐水溶液包裹体同时存在SO4^2-，HS^-。硫同位素表明金属硫化物成矿流体属于碳酸盐热液分异流体同其他来源流体混合的产物。以上资料表明，微山矿床成矿流体经历了硅酸盐岩浆期、碳酸岩岩浆-热液过渡期、碳酸岩热液期、金属硫化物低温热液期，在不同期次内挥发分的富集和存在形式不同，导致碳酸岩岩浆一热液过渡期发生稀土矿化，低温热液期发生银矿化。因此，微山矿床属于与碱性岩有关的稀土-金（银）矿床。

英文摘要：

Weishan LREE deposit bears abundant metal sulfides. Recently,it was found that Ag was mineralized with high grade in metal sulfide. In the Weishan deposit, four types of fluid inclusions were fund, they are daughter mineral bearing fluid inclusion, CO2 bearing inclusion, SO4^2- bearing inclusion and brine inclusion. Thermodynamic features between CO2 bearing inclusion and brine inclusion are different greatly. Laser Ramon study showed that the daughter minerals in fluid inclusion were silicate, sulfate and carbonate minerals. The SO4^2- bearing inclusions mainly grow in barite and some brine inclusions contain H2S,and occasionally SO4^2- and HS are detected in some brine inclusions. Sulfur isotope showed that the fluid was evolved from magmatic fluid mixed with other original fluid. It was considered that the Weishan deposit experienced silicate magma stage, carbonate magma-fluid transition stage, carbonate fluid stage and metal sulfide fluid stage respectively. Volatile transferred and enriched in different form in different stages. Therefore,in carbonate magma-fluid transition stage and carbonate fluid stage,the REE mineralization occurred,and in metal sulfur stage Ag mineralizing happened. Therefore, Weishan deposit may belong to carbonate type REE-sulfide metal deposit.