中文摘要：

除了结晶分异模式外，富氟花岗岩浆液态不混溶作用也是伟晶岩成岩成矿的重要机制。熔体包裹体和实验研究表明，富氟花岗岩浆的液态不混溶会形成富挥发份的贫硅熔体和与其共轭的富硅酸盐熔体。花岗岩中的异离体型伟晶岩和贯人状脉型伟晶岩，挥发份、助熔剂等元素和同位素组成在不混溶相间的突变性是该类不混溶作用的主要标志。富氟花岗岩浆不混溶作用不但可以解释伟晶岩的特征性矿物分带，对传统的伟晶岩成岩理论提出了挑战；还对稀有金属有高度富集作用，这主要归功于F、B、P等挥发份对稀有金属元素的亲和力。然而，目前该类不混溶作用成矿效应的研究还比较薄弱，这主要要归因于没有理想的地质对象。甲基卡矿床是亚洲最大的固体锂矿床，初步研究表明该矿床发生了富氟花岗岩浆液态不混溶作用，是研究氟花岗岩浆液态不混溶过程中稀有金属的分配、迁移、富集规律和机制的理想对象。

英文摘要：

Beside fractional crystallization model, liquid immiscibility of Fluorine-rich granite magma is an important mechanism to form pegmatite and pegmatite type deposit. Researches of melt inclusions and experiment showed that Fluorine-rich granite magma tends to liquid immiscibility, and forms a pair of conjugated magma of volatile-rich, Si-poor magma and volatile-poor, Si-rich magma. Sohlieren type pamatites and injected pegmatite veins, differentiation of some elements such as volatiles and isotopes in different phases are important symbols of the liquid immiscibility. The immscibility of Fluorine-rich granite magma can explain the minerals zoning in pegmatites, and challenge the traditional pegmatite-forming theories. Furthermore, the immiscibility can enrich rare elements to high level, which owe to the affinity of volatile like F, B, P, etc to rare elements. But, at present, the studies on ore-forming of the immscibility of Fluorine-rich granite magma are poor, due to lacking of ideal studying objects. The Jiajika deposit, western Sichuan, China, is the largest solid lithium deposit in Asian. Preliminary studies showed that liquid immiscibility of Fluorine-rich granite magma happened in the Jiajika deposit, and the Jiajika deposit is an ideal object to study the orders of distribution, transference and enrichment of rare elements.