中文摘要：

microRNAs是真核生物中内源性表达的非编码RNA，长约18-25个核苷酸。成熟的microRNAs通过碱基互补配对与靶基因3＂UTR区域结合降解目标mRNA或抑制其翻译来调控基因的表达水平，是一种对基因表达的转录后调控方式。研究表明，microRNAs在细胞的增殖、分化及死亡等生理病理过程中均具有调控作用，本文将对其在Ⅱ型程序性细胞死亡即自噬过程中的作用进行综述。

英文摘要：

MicroRNAs are endogenously expressed non-coding RNAs, which are composed of approximately 18 nucleotides to 25 nucleotides. Mature microRNAs regulate gene expression by base pairing with the 3^1-untranslated region of target mRNAs. These mature microRNAs can degrade target mRNAs or inhibit translation. This process is a type of post-transcriptional regulation of gene ex- pression. Studies have shown that microRNAs are important in physiological and pathological processes, such as cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and cell death. This article provides an overview of the function of microRNAs in the regulation of macrophages.