中文摘要：

贸易增加值作为一种全新的贸易核算方式，其产生主要有三个方面的背景：全球价值链、传统贸易核算方式不精确以及下一代贸易规则的需要。采用贸易增加值核算，对中国整体上是有利的，对科技创新也会产生影响，包括大幅降低高技术出口数据、明确中国应对贸易摩擦的方向以及加剧科技创新资源竞争。建议中国加快推进贸易增加值核算应用的进程，实施更加精准的科技创新激励政策以推动产业向价值链中高端攀升，实行高质量大规模的“引进来”和“走出去”。

英文摘要：

As a new accounting method, for the appearance of trade in Value Added there are three aspect backgrounds ： global value chain, traditional trade accounting method and the need for next generation trade rules. In total, the usage of trade in Value Added will be helpful to China＇s development, as well as to China＇s science, technology and innovation, which will significantly decrease the ex- port of high-teeh products, give China more clear-cut direction on how to deal with trade conflicts and increase the competition in S＆T and innovation resources. Based on the analysis, we put forward to four recommendations： accelerating the application of accounting method, implementing more accuracy incentive measures, promoting our industry to middle and high level of industrial chain and carrying out more high-quality large-scale ＂bringing in＂ and ＂going out＂ .