中文摘要：

HLA单倍型相合造血干细胞移植（human leukocyte antigen-haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation,HLA-haplo HSCT）是大多数血液病患者可选择的一种移植方式,能够节约寻找供者的时间和花费[1-2]。二十多年以来,多种单倍型相合移植方式,包括保留或去除T细胞的单倍型移植显示出了较好的预后[3-4]。多个移植中心报道,

英文摘要：

Human leukocyte antigen（ HLA）-haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation（ HLA-haplo HSCT） without T-cell depletion has tremendously progressed over the past 20 years. Advances in graft manipulation, conditioning regimens, and pharmacological graft-versus-host disease（ GVHD）prophylaxis have reduced the risk of fatal graft failure and severe GVHD. Donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies（ DSA） negative status and killer immunoglobulin-like receptor（ KIR） mismatch play potential roles in reducing the risk of graft failure and GVHD following HLA-haplo HSCT. New strategies to improve HLA-haplo HSCT outcomes include donor lymphocyte,selected T-cell subset and NK cell infusion,mesenchymal stem cell（ MSC） co-transplantation and interleukin-2 application. Future challenges remain in improving posttransplant immune reconstitution and finding the best approach to reduce the incidence and severity of GVHD while simultaneously preserving the graft-versus leukemia effect to prevent the recurrence of underlying malignancy.