中文摘要：

采用室内恒温好气培养方法，研究了温度（15℃、20℃、25℃和30％）和土壤类型（黑土、潮土和红壤）对土壤硝化率的影响。氮素加入比率为N200mgkg-1。土壤。结果表明：在15～30℃培养范围内，随着培养温度的升高，硝化率呈升高趋势；硝态氮累积量和培养积温（培养温度X培养天数，温度以0℃为基准）之间的关系可用单参数指数模型表示。在相同培养温度条件下，供试土壤硝化率从大到小的顺序为：高有机质含量潮土〉低有机质含量潮土〉高有机质含量黑土〉低有机质含量黑土〉低有机质含量红壤〉高有机质含量红壤。硝化率（25℃恒温培养）与土壤全磷含量、全钾含量、黏粒含量及pH呈极显著相关；土壤pH和全磷含量解释了硝化率差异的98．1％。土壤pH是影响其硝化率的主要因素，并抑制土壤有机质含量及温度对硝化率的影响。

英文摘要：

An incubation experiment was conducted to nitrification rate. Four temperatures （15, 20, 25, and 30℃ evaluate the effects of temperature and soil types on soil net ） were set, and three types of soils （black soil, chao soil, and red soil） with high and low content of soil organic matter （SOM） were selected. Urea N was applied at an equivalent rate of 200 mg kg-1 soil. All soil nitrification rates increased along with incubation temperature within the range of 15 30℃ , and the relationship between accumulated soil NO3-N contents and accumulation temperature of incubation （T x t, ℃ x d） could be fitted by a single exponential model. Under the same incubation temperature, the soil nitrification rates decreased in a sequence of： chao soil with high SOM 〉 chao soil with low SOM 〉 black soil with high SOM 〉 black soil with low SOM 〉 red soil with low SOM 〉 red soil with high SOM. There was a significant relationships between soil ni- trification rate （incubated under 25℃ for 14 days） and soil total phosporus （TP）, total potassium （TK）, clay content and pH. Soil pH and TP content was the key factors controlling nitrification rate （R2 =0. 981）.