中文摘要：

香港壕涌遗址西区发现了中晚期新石器遗存，本中通过对该遗址剖面的沉积特征、孢粉和植硅体分析，重建了该遗址的堆积过程，其沉积序列表现为滨河床浅滩-河口海湾泻湖-河漫滩沼泽-农耕地等变化过程。出土石器、孢粉和植硅体均揭示新石器晚期约4200—3500aBP人类仍以渔猎经济为主，尚无明显稻作等农业活动迹象；一直到唐宋时期孢粉揭示出稻作农业的痕迹，农耕活动逐步加强，但在唐宋时期该遗址点并非原位稻田区，遗址点原地成为稻田耕地在明清时期才开始，并一直延续到本世纪60年代。孢粉组分还显示从唐宋以来人类农业活动的扩大造成天然常绿阔叶林植被的严重破坏，孢粉谱中表现为阔叶类逐渐减少以及次生植被如芒箕等明显增多的过程。

英文摘要：

The excavation in Hochung, Sai Kung of Hong Kong has discovered rich remains that belong to the Middle-Late Neolithic age. This paper conducts analyses on the sedimentary features, pollen and phytolith in the profiles of this archaeological site and reconstructs palaeo environment and sedimentary process. Results show that sedimentary phases in the Hochung site altered from the river bank and lagune to floodplain swamp, and finally to crop land. The excavated pieces, and the study of pollen and phytolith all reveal that the Neolithic culture and economy style were characterized by fishing and hunting in Late Neolithic at about 4200-3500 a BP., and there was no evidence of rice cultivation and other agricultural activities in this area. Pollen analysis shows that the rice cultivation did not occur until the Tang and Song Dynasties, and was gradually strengthened afterwards. The study also shows that the excavated site was not in situ a rice field during Tang and Song dynasties, and it became local paddy filed in the Ming and Qing dynasties and continued to the 1960s. Since the Tang and Song dynasties, the expansion of human agricultural activities has resulted in the damage of natural evergreen broad-leaved forest that was replaced by pioneer plants such as Dicranopteris and other secondary vegetation.