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中文摘要：
通过对黑河流域上中游地区43个农田表土样品的孢粉分析,探讨了该流域不同类型农田的表土花粉组合特征.结果显示：农作物花粉是农田花粉组合的主要成分,平均百分含量为43.6%;农作物以外的草本花粉平均百分含量为50.4%,其中旱生草本以藜科（平均21.1%）为主,湿/中生草本以禾本科（平均8.3%）、蒿属（平均6.6%）、菊科（平均5.2%）为主,也出现了少量豆科、毛茛科、唇形科等多种杂草花粉;农田中乔木（平均1.6%）和灌木（平均4.3%）花粉百分含量较低.种植的农作物不同,其花粉组合特征亦有差别：油菜地中油菜花粉百分含量平均为85.8%,占绝对优势,而其他草本花粉百分含量很少;苜蓿地、玉米地、小麦地以及混作地花粉组合以农作物以外的草本花粉为主,农作物花粉次之.农田花粉组合与海拔高度的关系表明：藜科花粉百分含量在2600m以下随海拔的升高而略有降低,海拔超过2600m以后快速降低,其变化可能与油菜花粉的高产量有关;蒿属花粉百分含量随海拔的升高呈增加趋势,海拔超过2800m以后降低;十字花科（油菜）花粉主要出现在2000m以上,峰值出现在2800m;人工禾本科花粉（≥40μm）则出现在海拔2000m以下,这与绿洲农业的分布海拔相符合,因此它是农业活动的重要指示花粉;花粉总浓度总体上随着海拔的升高而增加,湿/中生草本花粉与旱生草本花粉的比值（W/D比值）随海拔的升高而增加,而在低海拔的平原区W/D比值的相对变化可能指示人类活动对局地环境的影响.
英文摘要：
In order to investigate the surface pollen assemblage characters of farmland in the arid area of northwest China,43 surface soil samples were collected from different farmland in the upper and middle reaches of the Heihe river.The results suggest that the crop pollen is one of the main components of the pollen assemblages with an average of 43.6% and the average percentage of other grass pollen is about 50.4%,including Chenopodiaceae （mean 21.1%）,Gramineae （mean 8.3%）,Artemisia （mean 6.6%）,Compositae （mean 5.2%）,Leguminosae,Ranunculaceae and Labiatae and other pollen types.The arboreal pollen （mean 1.6%） and shrub pollen （mean 4.3%） have quite low percentages.When different crops are planted,the percentages of the croptype pollen are different.The average percentage of Brassica campestris pollen is 85.8% in the rape field and the other herbs except that crop pollen types are dominant in the farmlands planted with clover,corn,wheat and mixed crops.The relationship between farmland pollen assemblages and altitude indicates that the percentage of Chenopodiaceae decreases with higher altitudes,and its percentage decreases rapidly when the altitude is higher than 2,600 m a.s.l.（above sea level）,which is probably caused by high productivity of Brassica campestris plants.The percentage of Artemisia pollen increases with higher altitude and decreases when the altitude is higher than 2 800 m.The Cruciferae pollen mainly appears in a height of more than 2 000 m and its percentage peaks at 2 800 m.The planted Gramineae （40μm） pollen mainly appears below the height of 2 000 m,which is in accordance with the distribution altitude of the oasis agriculture.With the increase in altitude,the total pollen concentrations generally increase,and the ratio between the pollen percentage of the wet herbs and the dry herbs （W/D ratio） increases as well.The changes in W/D value might indicate the increase of humidity with a higher altitude while,in the lower altitude of plain region （corridor region?
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