中文摘要：

金星是离地球最近的行星,许多特征与地球类似,但在地质特征方面与地球差异较大.本文简单回顾金星探测的主要科学成果,重点综述金星地质研究的主要进展,包括：金星表面的地形构造、重力场分布、内部结构等特征.在此基础上,归纳提出了金星地质认识中存在的重点问题,主要有金星表面地形的成因问题、表面年龄及表面更新问题、内部结构模型及内部散热等问题,认为这些都是未来金星探测需要考虑解决的科学问题.

英文摘要：

As the nearest planet distant from the Earth, the Venus have many of the characteristics similar to the Earth. However, the geological characteristics of the Venus are quite different from the Earth. This paper reviewed the major science results of Venus exploration missions, especially the progress of geological characteristics research. The topography and geologic structure of the surface, gravity field and interior structure of Venus were summarized. In the end, conclude the major controversies about the geology of Venus, mainly include 1）surface topography formation mechanism; 2）surface age and resurfacing 3）interior structure and heat loss, all those questions will need to be considered as scientific objectives in future Venus exploration missions.