中文摘要：

试验选取河套灌区地下水滴灌（D）、地下水畦灌（J）、黄河水畦灌（H）三种灌溉模式,对不同灌溉模式下的玉米生长、产量、氮素利用进行比较分析,以期为河套灌区大面积推广膜下滴灌水肥一体化技术提供依据。试验结果表明：对于不同灌水模式,整个生育期内玉米生长指标（株高、叶面积指数、干物质量）均表现为：D〉J〉H;膜下滴灌较地下水畦灌、黄河水畦灌显著提高玉米产量11.68%,15.60%,氮肥利用率提高41.03%、77.19%;对干物质积累的Richards方程解析表明,采用地下水滴灌可以较快达到干物质积累的最大速率,能显著延长玉米干物质累积时间,从而提高玉米干物质量。研究表明,滴灌“少量多次”的灌水施肥方式能够提高了氮肥利用率,增加肥料氮所能生产的作物籽粒产量,促进玉米对氮肥的吸收利用及向籽粒的分配,有效协调玉米籽粒产量和氮肥利用率的关系。

英文摘要：

In order to provide an evidence for Hetao Irrigation District to promote the technology of Drip Irrigation of Integral Control of Water and Fertilization, the effects of different irrigation modes which including drip irrigation with groundwater, border irriga- tion with groundwater and border irrigation with yellow river water on maize growth, yield and absorption and utilization of nitrogen in maize. The results shows that the endpoints of maize growth including plant height, leaf area index and dry matter in the entire growth period under different irrigation modes were： D〉J〉H. Compared with the other two irrigation modes, drip irrigation with groundwater could mostly improve the grain yield of maize, 11.68% and 15.60% higher than border irrigation with groundwater and yellow river water, respectively. In addition, the nitrogen recovery efficiency were also highest with drip irrigation, 41.03% and 77. 19% higher than border irrigation with groundwater and yellow river water, respectively. The results analyzed by Richards model showed that the time of maximum accumulation rate was advanced and the time of dry matter accumulation were extended under drip irrigation with groundwater, thus, improve the amount of dry matter. The study suggests that drip irrigation and fertilization meth- ods could improve the NUE significantly, promote maize nitrogen uptake and utilization and allocation to grain, coordination with maize grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency effectively.