中文摘要：

微小RNA（miRNA）在动植物体内形成RNA沉默复合体，介导目的基因mRNA的切割与翻译抑制，产生转录后基因沉默效应，调控基因的表达，从而调节生物发育、细胞分化与凋亡，参与肿瘤、复杂遗传病的发生及其他生命过程。近年来，在有关miRNA和肿瘤发生研究领域取得了一系列进展。

英文摘要：

MicroRNA is a cluster of non-coding RNA in eukaryotic organisms,about 18-25 nt,which is detected in recent years, microRNAs can mediate the incision and translation suppression of target gene, generate （RNA induced silencing complex, RISC） to induce the post-transcription gene silence, regulate gene expression, then regulate organism development, cell differentiation and apoptosis ,tumorigenesis and genesis of complicated inherited diseases. In these years, scientists have gained a lot of advances in research of microRNAs, especially in the study of correlations between microRNAs and tumor.