目的了解广泛性焦虑(GAD)和强迫症(OCD)患者大脑认知N400的变异,探讨其认知模式以及汉字认知加工特点。方法应用中国润杰WJ-1型ERP仪,采用汉语成语正常结尾字(匹配)与汉语成语结尾歧义字(非匹配)模式,对41例CAD和69例OCD及58名健康成人作了N400检测。结果(1)潜伏期:3组在同音异形异义匹配[NC:(377±40)ms,0CD:(395±43)ms,GAD:(396±43)ms]、非匹配[NC:(415±32)ms,OCD:(429±35)ms,GAD:(430±36)ms]、异音异形同义非匹配[NC:(411±32)ms,0CD:(424±40)ms,GAD:(433±39)ms]以及异音异形异义匹配[NC:(399±47)ms,OCD:(427±53)ms,GAD:(434±42)ITIS]和非匹配[NC:(442±36)ITIS,OCD:(465±35)ms,GAD:(474±35)ms],潜伏期差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05~0.01),即GAD组和0CD组分别延迟于NC组(P〈0.05~0.01)。在异音异形异义非匹配潜伏期上,OCD组与GAD组相比,后者又延迟于前者(P〈0.05)。(2)波幅:3组在同音异形异义匹配[NC:(9±5)μV,OCD:(6±5)μV,GAD:(6±5)μV]、非匹配[NC:(11±6)μV,OCD:(5±4)μV,GAD:(6±4)μV]、异音形似异义匹配[NC:(9±5)μV,OCD:(5±4)μV,GAD:(7±5)μV]和非匹配[NC:(14±6)μV,OCD:(6±5)μV,GAD:(9±7)μV]以及异音异形异义匹配[NC:(9±5)μV,0CD:(5±4)μV,GAD:(5±3)μV]和非匹配[NC:(14±6)μV,OCD:(9±7)μV,GAD:(9±7)μV]波幅上差异有显著性统计学意义(P〈0.05~0.01),即GAD组和OCD组分别低于NC组(P〈0.05—0.01)。在异音形似异义非匹配波幅上,0CD组与GAD组相比,前者显著低于后者(P〈0.05)。结论广泛性焦虑和强迫症均存在认知症状,汉语成语N400可用于对这两种疾病进行定量检测,成语N400启动效应更显著。
Objective To explore the features of events-related potentials (ERP) component 5/400 in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) versus obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) patients and understand the cognitive pattern and processing characteristic for Chinese characters. Methods ERP component N400 was recorded by Guangzhou Runjie WJ-1 ERP apparatus. And 41 GAD patients, 69 OCD patients and 58 normal controls (NC) were tested by the Chinese idioms ending with matching (congruent) or mismatching (incongruent) words. Results ( I ) Latencies: Significant differences were found of N400 latencies in ending words with the same pronunciation but different forms and meanings ( NC : ( 377 ± 40) ms, OCD : (395 ± 43) ms, GAD : (396 ± 43 ) ms, congruent ; NC : (415 ± 32) ms, OCD : (429±35 ) ms, GAD : (430 ± 36) ms, incongruent), ending words with the same meaning but different pronunciations and forms( NC : (411 ±32) ms, OCD: (424 ± 40) ms, GAD: (433 ± 39 ) ms, incongruent), ending words with different pronunciations, forms and meanings ( NC : ( 399 ± 47 ) ms, OCD : ( 427 ±53 ) ms, GAD : (434 ±42) ms, congruent; NC:(442±36) ms, OCD:(465±35) ms, GAD:(474±35) ms, incongruent) (P〈 0. 05 -0. 01 ). Compared with NC, the N400 latencies were prolonged in GAD and OCD patients. Compared with OCD patients, the GAD patients also showed prolonged N400 lateneies in ending words with different pronunciations, forms and meanings (incongruent situation). (2) Significant differences were found of N400 amplitudes in ending words with the same pronunciation but different forms and meanings ( NC : (9 ± 5 ) μV, 0CD:(6±5) txV, GAD:(6±5) μV, congruent; NC:(11±6) μV, OCD:(5±4) μV, GAD:(6± 4) μV, incongruent), ending words with similar forms but different pronunciations and meanings (NC: (9 ±5) μV, OCD:(5 ±4) μV, GAD: (7 ±5?